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General Class: 2019–2023
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Sections
G1: Commission's Rules
G2: Operating Procedures
G3: Radio Wave Propagation
G4: Amateur Radio Practices
G5: Electrical Principles
G6: Circuit Components
G7: Practical Circuits
G8: Signals and Emissions
G9: Antennas and Feedlines
G0: Electrical and RF Safety
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Element 3
G3
G3C
G3C07
G3C07:
What makes HF scatter signals often sound distorted?
The ionospheric layer involved is unstable
Ground waves are absorbing much of the signal
The E-region is not present
Energy is scattered into the skip zone through several different radio wave paths
G3C01
G3C02
G3C03
G3C04
G3C05
G3C06
G3C07
G3C08
G3C09
G3C10
G3C11